by PEEPING TOM » Mon Oct 07, 2002 9:21 pm
These are the classical explanations for depression. Everybody can HAVE A CHECK.<br>
Criteria for Major Depressive Episode (DSM-IV, p. 327)
<br>A. Five (or more) of the following symptoms have been present during the same 2-week period and represent a change from previous functioning; at least one of the symptoms is either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure.
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Note: Do not include symptoms that are clearly due to a general medical condition, or mood-incongruent delusions or hallucinations.
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Depressed mood most of the day, nearly everyday, as indicated by either subjective report (e.g., feels sad or empty) or observation made by others (e.g. appears tearful). Note: In children and adolescents, can be irritable mood.
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Markedly diminished interest or pleasure in all, or almost all, activities most of the day, nearly every day (as indicated by either subjective account or observation made by others)
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Significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain (e.g., a change of more than 5% of body weight in a month), or decrease or increase in appetite nearly every day. Note: In children, consider failure to make expected weight gains.
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Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day
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Psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day (observable by others, not merely subjective feelings of restlessness or being slowed down)
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Fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day
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Feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt (which may be delusional) nearly every day (not merely self-reproach or guilt about being sick)
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Diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day (either by subjective account or as observed by others)
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Recurrent thoughts of death (not just fear of dying), recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt or a specific plan for committing suicide
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B. The symptoms do not meet criteria for a Mixed Episode.
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C. The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
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D. The symptoms are not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or a general medical condition (e.g., hypothyroidism).
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E. The symptoms are not better accounted for by bereavement, i.e., after the loss of a loved one, the symptoms persist for longer than 2 months or are characterized by marked functional impairment, morbid preoccupation with worthlessness, suicidal ideation, psychotic symptoms, or psychomotor retardation.